ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Healthcare: Opportunities and Risks

Hazrat Ali, Junaid Qadir, Tanvir Alam, Mowafa Househ, Zubair Shah

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

ChatGPT, a pre-Trained large language model (LLM), has the potential to transform healthcare by providing valid clinical insights and reducing doctors' workload. There are already signs that such tools can be useful for automating the generation of patient discharge reports, clinical vignettes, and radiology reports. Such tools can also capture the vast medical knowledge base as demonstrated by ChatGPT clearing the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE). Such tools promise to make healthcare more accessible, scalable, and efficient, leading to better patient outcomes. However, such tools are far from perfect and well-known to be susceptible to error, misinformation, and bias. In this paper, we review the potential applications of ChatGPT in healthcare and also identify potentials risks that must be addressed before ChatGPT and other LLM tools can be safely adopted in healthcare. First, we offer case studies on using ChatGPT for passing USMLE, identifying prevention methods for cardiovascular disease, generating patient discharge reports, generating clinical vignettes, and generating radiology reports. Second, we present the opportunities that ChatGPT offers in healthcare. By leveraging its language generation and processing capabilities, ChatGPT can streamline and improve a range of healthcare tasks, from digitizing clinical notes and improving the accuracy of diagnosis to revolutionizing medical education and empowering patients with personalized healthcare information. Finally, we reflect on the associated risks and conclude that caution is advised in interpreting the results of ChatGPT as these studies are preliminary and not entirely error-free.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publication2023 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Internet of Things, AIBThings 2023 - Proceedings
EditorsAhmed Abdelgawad, Akhtar Jamil, Alaa Ali Hameed
PublisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISBN (Electronic)9798350322347
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023
Event2023 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Internet of Things, AIBThings 2023 - Mount Pleasant, United States
Duration: 16 Sept 202317 Sept 2023

Publication series

Name2023 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Internet of Things, AIBThings 2023 - Proceedings

Conference

Conference2023 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Internet of Things, AIBThings 2023
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityMount Pleasant
Period16/09/2317/09/23

Keywords

  • ChatGPT
  • Healthcare
  • Large Language Models
  • Medical Artificial Intelligence
  • Natural Language Processing

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