Impact of surface tension and viscosity on falling film thickness in multi-effect desalination (MED) horizontal tube evaporator

Furqan Tahir*, Abdelnasser Mabrouk, Muammer Koç

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

40 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Falling film evaporators are extensively used in many applications because of their higher heat and mass transfer coefficient over low temperature difference. Falling film thickness, which depends on liquid spray density and thermophysical properties, is an important parameter in determining heat and mass transfer performance as it represents thermal resistance. In multi-effect desalination (MED) evaporators, the thermophysical properties such as surface tension and viscosity change due to operating temperature differences, i.e. higher in the first evaporator/effect and lower in the last evaporator/effect. The surface tension variation with temperature is often neglected in most of the film thickness characterization and modeling studies. Therefore, it is needed to analyze surface tension effects distinctly on film thickness. In this study, a 2D CFD model was developed by implementing volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase model to distinguish liquid and gas phases. The effects of viscosity and surface tension were analyzed separately, and it was found that with constant surface tension, viscosity effects account for 66.1% variation in film thickness for operating temperature range of 85 °C–5 °C. However accounting both viscosity and surface tension dependence, the results showed 72% increment in the film thickness. In addition, CFD results exhibited lower conduction thermal resistance of 0.2 m2 K/W at 85 °C against 0.4 m2 K/W at 5 °C, which reflects better evaporator performance at higher temperature. Hence, more focus and detailed analysis are recommended given in increasing the first effect temperature from 65 °C to 85 °C as it would improve thermal performance due to lower thermal resistance rather than decreasing last effect temperature from 40 °C to 5 °C as the thermal resistance would increase.

Original languageEnglish
Article number106235
JournalInternational Journal of Thermal Sciences
Volume150
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2020

Keywords

  • CFD
  • Falling film thickness
  • MED evaporator
  • Surface tension
  • Viscosity

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Impact of surface tension and viscosity on falling film thickness in multi-effect desalination (MED) horizontal tube evaporator'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this