@inproceedings{80166302243348b184f6788f6f7b3620,
title = "Implicit and explicit emotions in MOOCs",
abstract = "Understanding the affect expressed by learners is essential for enriching the learning experience in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). However, online learning environments, especially MOOCs, pose several challenges in understanding the different types of affect experienced by a learner. In this paper, we define two categories of emotions, explicit emotions as those collected directly from the student through self-reported surveys, and implicit emotions as those inferred unobtrusively during the learning process. We also introduce positivity as a measure to study the valence reported by students chronologically, and use it to derive insights into their emotion patterns and their association with learning outcomes. We show that implicit and explicit emotions expressed by students within the context of a MOOC are independent of each other, however, they correlate better with students' behavior compared to their valence.",
keywords = "Discussion forum, Emotions, MOOC, Surveys, Valence",
author = "Munira Syed and Malolan Chetlur and Shazia Afzal and Ambrose, {G. Alex} and Chawla, {Nitesh V.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} EDM 2019 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining. All rights reserved.; 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, EDM 2019 ; Conference date: 02-07-2019 Through 05-07-2019",
year = "2019",
language = "English",
series = "EDM 2019 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining",
publisher = "International Educational Data Mining Society",
pages = "432--437",
editor = "Lynch, {Collin F.} and Agathe Merceron and Michel Desmarais and Roger Nkambou",
booktitle = "EDM 2019 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining",
address = "United States",
}