On the role of Ca in multicrystalline silicon

Birgit Ryningen; Torunn Ervik; Espen Olsen; Eivind Øvrelid; Gaute Stokkan; Maulid Mohamed Kivambe; Chiara Modanese; Otto Lohne

On the role of Ca in multicrystalline silicon

Birgit Ryningen, Torunn Ervik^*, Espen Olsen, Eivind Øvrelid, Gaute Stokkan, Maulid Mohamed Kivambe, Chiara Modanese, Otto Lohne

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › peer-review

Abstract

Calcium is a sparsely studied impurity in silicon for solar cell applications, even though adding calcium-containing compounds to metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) melt with subsequently repeated directional solidifications[1] or with subsequent leaching [2],[3] are two known purifying methods. Calcium is present as a potential impurity in multicrystalline silicon as a result of this process. Therefore, the behavior of Calcium as added contaminant in directional solidification of multicrystalline Silicon (mc-Si) has been studied. Ca was added to the feedstock prior to the casting of a12 kg pilot scale mc-Si ingot to obtain 100 ppm Ca in the melt [4]. In this study, a sample covering the whole height of the ingot was studied on a larger scale and the most striking feature of the block is the line of Ca-rich regions containingS3iN4 particles in the middle of the block. Dislocated areas extend from the Ca-rich regions, and upwards into the ingot

Original language	English
Publication status	Published - 2012
Externally published	Yes
Event	27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (27th EU PVSEC) - Frankfurt, Germany Duration: 24 Sept 2012 → 28 Sept 2012

Conference

Conference	27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (27th EU PVSEC)
Country/Territory	Germany
City	Frankfurt
Period	24/09/12 → 28/09/12

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Ryningen, B., Ervik, T., Olsen, E., Øvrelid, E., Stokkan, G., Kivambe, M. M., Modanese, C., & Lohne, O. (2012). On the role of Ca in multicrystalline silicon. Paper presented at 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (27th EU PVSEC), Frankfurt, Germany. https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=tNJ0gGcAAAAJ&pagesize=100&citation_for_view=tNJ0gGcAAAAJ:qjMakFHDy7sC

@conference{c3acfab0b2e3494a930132c610f7ad40,

title = "On the role of Ca in multicrystalline silicon",

abstract = "Calcium is a sparsely studied impurity in silicon for solar cell applications, even though adding calcium-containing compounds to metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) melt with subsequently repeated directional solidifications[1] or with subsequent leaching [2],[3] are two known purifying methods. Calcium is present as a potential impurity in multicrystalline silicon as a result of this process. Therefore, the behavior of Calcium as added contaminant in directional solidification of multicrystalline Silicon (mc-Si) has been studied. Ca was added to the feedstock prior to the casting of a12 kg pilot scale mc-Si ingot to obtain 100 ppm Ca in the melt [4]. In this study, a sample covering the whole height of the ingot was studied on a larger scale and the most striking feature of the block is the line of Ca-rich regions containingS3iN4 particles in the middle of the block. Dislocated areas extend from the Ca-rich regions, and upwards into the ingot ",

author = "Birgit Ryningen and Torunn Ervik and Espen Olsen and Eivind {\O}vrelid and Gaute Stokkan and Kivambe, {Maulid Mohamed} and Chiara Modanese and Otto Lohne",

year = "2012",

language = "English",

note = "27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (27th EU PVSEC) ; Conference date: 24-09-2012 Through 28-09-2012",

}

Ryningen, B, Ervik, T, Olsen, E, Øvrelid, E, Stokkan, G, Kivambe, MM, Modanese, C & Lohne, O 2012, 'On the role of Ca in multicrystalline silicon', Paper presented at 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (27th EU PVSEC), Frankfurt, Germany, 24/09/12 - 28/09/12. <https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=tNJ0gGcAAAAJ&pagesize=100&citation_for_view=tNJ0gGcAAAAJ:qjMakFHDy7sC>

TY - CONF

T1 - On the role of Ca in multicrystalline silicon

AU - Ryningen, Birgit

AU - Ervik, Torunn

AU - Olsen, Espen

AU - Øvrelid, Eivind

AU - Stokkan, Gaute

AU - Kivambe, Maulid Mohamed

AU - Modanese, Chiara

AU - Lohne, Otto

PY - 2012

Y1 - 2012

N2 - Calcium is a sparsely studied impurity in silicon for solar cell applications, even though adding calcium-containing compounds to metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) melt with subsequently repeated directional solidifications[1] or with subsequent leaching [2],[3] are two known purifying methods. Calcium is present as a potential impurity in multicrystalline silicon as a result of this process. Therefore, the behavior of Calcium as added contaminant in directional solidification of multicrystalline Silicon (mc-Si) has been studied. Ca was added to the feedstock prior to the casting of a12 kg pilot scale mc-Si ingot to obtain 100 ppm Ca in the melt [4]. In this study, a sample covering the whole height of the ingot was studied on a larger scale and the most striking feature of the block is the line of Ca-rich regions containingS3iN4 particles in the middle of the block. Dislocated areas extend from the Ca-rich regions, and upwards into the ingot

AB - Calcium is a sparsely studied impurity in silicon for solar cell applications, even though adding calcium-containing compounds to metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) melt with subsequently repeated directional solidifications[1] or with subsequent leaching [2],[3] are two known purifying methods. Calcium is present as a potential impurity in multicrystalline silicon as a result of this process. Therefore, the behavior of Calcium as added contaminant in directional solidification of multicrystalline Silicon (mc-Si) has been studied. Ca was added to the feedstock prior to the casting of a12 kg pilot scale mc-Si ingot to obtain 100 ppm Ca in the melt [4]. In this study, a sample covering the whole height of the ingot was studied on a larger scale and the most striking feature of the block is the line of Ca-rich regions containingS3iN4 particles in the middle of the block. Dislocated areas extend from the Ca-rich regions, and upwards into the ingot

M3 - Paper

T2 - 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (27th EU PVSEC)

Y2 - 24 September 2012 through 28 September 2012

ER -

On the role of Ca in multicrystalline silicon

Abstract

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