Optimal Sizing and Analysis of Solar PV, Wind, and Energy Storage Hybrid System for Campus Microgrid

To mitigate the hazardous effect of increasing energy demand and global warming, the Renewable Energy Sources (RESs)-based smart microgrids are gaining massive attention. However, intermittency, as well as the volatile nature of RESs, make it challengeable task. To confront the wavering of voltage profile and power flow in microgrids, the Energy Storage System (ESS) and Diesel Generators are being used as a backup power supply. On national as well as international scale, a vast list of the Universities with a growing number of departments, centers, and hostels add up a mass amount of energy demand. The study of electricity consumption trend in Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) provides vital information to analyze, design, and implement a suitable solution for the deployment of the microgrid. In this work, Polygeneration based on various smart microgrid topologies in both modes of operation (i.e. grid-connected and off-grid mode) is studied. To execute the economic and feasibility analysis, HOMER® is used as simulating and optimizing tool. On the basis of minimum Net Present Cost (NPC) from the various topologies, best solution is recommended. The obtained results show that the total system cost under solar PV + Battery (PV + B) mode is 1419.6 million INR, which is approx. 64.2% higher as compared to the current existing scenario (864.2 million INR), while, the total system cost under (Grid + Solar PV) G + PV mode is 494.92 million, which is approx. 57.2 % lower as compared to the current existing scenario. The comparative study of the environmental and economic structure of proposed topology with existing one reveals that, under the proposed topology, 3.636*106 kg of CO2, 1.578*104 kg of SO2, and 7.7*103 kg of NOX will be mitigated.