TY - JOUR
T1 - POE-Mediated Tunable Quantum Yield of Carbon Dots−Derived From Agapanthus Africanus (L.) Hoffmann Leaves
AU - Nunes, Paulo J.
AU - Pereira, Rui F.P.
AU - Nunes, S. C.
AU - Correia, Sandra F.H.
AU - Fu, Lianshe
AU - Ferreira, Rute A.S.
AU - Fernandes, Mariana
AU - Bermudez, Verónica de Zea
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2024/10/2
Y1 - 2024/10/2
N2 - The green synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from natural sources is a challenging goal. Herein CDs are produced from Agapanthus africanus (L.) Hoffmann leaves by carbonization at 200/300 °C for 2/3 h. Samples are named CZ-X-Y, where Z, X, and Y represent carbonization, temperature, and time, respectively. CZ-200-3, CZ-300-2, and CZ-300-3 CDs have average sizes of 3.7 ± 0.7, 5.3 ± 1.2, and 5.1 ± 1.6 nm, respectively. Their surface, devoid of chlorophyll, contains ─OH, ─C═O, and ─C(═O)OH groups and sylvite. Isolated CZ-300-3 emits at 400 nm (excited at 260 nm) and exhibits an emission quantum yield (QY) value of 2 ± 1%. Embedding in the d-U(600)/d-(900) di-ureasil matrices resulted in transparent films with emission intensity maxima at 420/450 nm (360 nm), and QY values of 7 ± 1/16 ± 2% (400 nm). The enhancement of the QY value of the bare CDs agrees with an efficient passivation provided by the hybrid host. The hydrophilic CZ-300-3 CDs also exerted a marked surface modifying role, changing the surface roughness and the wettability of the hybrid films.
AB - The green synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from natural sources is a challenging goal. Herein CDs are produced from Agapanthus africanus (L.) Hoffmann leaves by carbonization at 200/300 °C for 2/3 h. Samples are named CZ-X-Y, where Z, X, and Y represent carbonization, temperature, and time, respectively. CZ-200-3, CZ-300-2, and CZ-300-3 CDs have average sizes of 3.7 ± 0.7, 5.3 ± 1.2, and 5.1 ± 1.6 nm, respectively. Their surface, devoid of chlorophyll, contains ─OH, ─C═O, and ─C(═O)OH groups and sylvite. Isolated CZ-300-3 emits at 400 nm (excited at 260 nm) and exhibits an emission quantum yield (QY) value of 2 ± 1%. Embedding in the d-U(600)/d-(900) di-ureasil matrices resulted in transparent films with emission intensity maxima at 420/450 nm (360 nm), and QY values of 7 ± 1/16 ± 2% (400 nm). The enhancement of the QY value of the bare CDs agrees with an efficient passivation provided by the hybrid host. The hydrophilic CZ-300-3 CDs also exerted a marked surface modifying role, changing the surface roughness and the wettability of the hybrid films.
KW - agapanthus africanus (L.) hoffmann leaf
KW - carbon dots
KW - carbonization
KW - di-ureasils
KW - variable weight POE chains
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85205375493&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/smll.202404717
DO - 10.1002/smll.202404717
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85205375493
SN - 1613-6810
JO - Small
JF - Small
ER -