Progress and utilization of biomass gasification for decentralized energy generation: an outlook & critical review

In light of resource depletion, energy scarcity, and toxic waste management, gasification is regarded as a viable waste-to-energy conversion method. Moreover, the Gasifier-Engine-Genest combo provides a suitable alternative for distributed electric power, waste conversion, and alleviating electricity scarcity. Despite an abundance of research report, it is not usually acknowledged as a viable alternative to traditional energy sources. Thus, to promote Gasification, efficient technology is required to maximize the yield of syngas with clean and improved calorific value. Furthermore, there is a void in the prior study that summarises the various types of biomasses and their pre-treatment, as well as the progression of conventional gasification to advanced gasification for the improvement of syngas quality and respective critical applications. Moreover, this is necessary in order to organise the conditions and biomass for gasification, which are many and frequently scattered in the literature. Hence, this study summarises the detailed review of recent novel concepts development over conventional techniques of biomass gasification. Recent reports on feed material properties of diverse biomass, as well as pre-treatment employing biomass torrefaction for gasification, are presented in this paper in order to evaluate their potential. In addition, a literature review of the various categories of gasification, the gasification processes, and the impact of technology on the quality of syngas, power generation and distribution were reported. In conclusion, it is proposed that enhanced gasification technology be employed to implement sustainable development in order to reduce the existing reliance on non-renewable energy sources.