Recalibration of carbon-free NH₃/H₂ fuel blend process: Qatar's roadmap for blue ammonia

Due to growing concerns about carbon emissions, using zero-carbon fuels has become an interesting alternative to overcome this problem. The NH₃(70%)-H₂(30%) fuel blend is an innovative fuel example that has the potential to replace conventional hydrocarbon fuels. Studies on the NH₃(70%)-H₂(30%) fuel blend have shown its superior combustion performance and its effect on enhancing cycle efficiency compared to other compositions of the NH₃–H₂ blends. However, without calibrating ammonia plants and simply mixing portions of the produced pure ammonia to hydrogen at the desired molar fraction essentially requires coupling ammonia plants with other hydrogen-producing plants, leading to potential difficulties in commercializing the unused (as fuel in the NH₃–H₂/air gas turbines) hydrogen portions from the hydrogen-producing plan. Therefore, in this paper, as an attempt to utilize the existing ammonia production infrastructure and facility without acquiring major changes that could lead to resisting the adoption of the NH₃(70%)-H₂(30%) fuel blend, the independent parameters of a conventional ammonia plant have been calibrated, and the reactors have been sized to provide a continuous supply of the NH₃(70%)-H₂(30%) fuel blend with the exact molar fraction to run a power plant. Calibrating of the ammonia plant has been performed using an ASPEN PLUS model.