Supporting Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Supply Chains (CCUS) with Blockchain Technology: A Sustainable Solution for Climate Change Mitigation

The urgency for adopting emission reduction mitigation strategies is growing as the consequences of climate change become more threatening. Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) emerges as a pivotal solution, facilitating substantial carbon dioxide abatement in high-emission industries. However, CCUS encounters challenges related to supply chain transparency, as well as emission accounting and reduction verification. This study introduces a framework, proposing the integration of blockchain technology into the optimization models of CCUS supply chains. Emissions data from various elements of the optimal CCUS supply chain are securely stored in blocks within the proposed blockchain system, ensuring the integrity and tamper-proof nature of the recorded data. This innovative approach empowers decision-makers to optimize the design of CCUS supply chains, improve computational efficiency, transparently trace emissions from CCUS elements, and verify emission reductions. Anticipated to play a pivotal role in climate change mitigation and sustainable practices, the developed blockchain-based approach is poised to contribute significantly to ongoing efforts in designing and enhancing the effectiveness of the optimal CCUS supply chains.