TY - JOUR
T1 - Tackling in-camera downsizing for reliable camera ID verification
AU - Tandogan, Sinan E.
AU - Altinişik, Enes
AU - Sarimurat, Salim
AU - Sencar, Hüsrev T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Society for Imaging Science and Technology.
PY - 2019/1/13
Y1 - 2019/1/13
N2 - The photo-response non-uniformity (PRNU) of an imaging sensor can be regarded as a biometric identifier unique to each camera. This modality is referred to as camera ID. The underlying process for estimating and matching camera IDs is now well established, and its robustness has been studied under a variety of processing. However, the effect of in-camera downsizing on camera ID verification has not yet been methodologically addressed. In this work, we investigate limitations imposed by built-in camera downsizing methods and tackle the question of how to obtain a camera ID so that attribution is possible with lower resolution media. For this purpose, we developed an application that gathers photos and videos at all supported resolutions by controlling camera settings. Analysis of media obtained from 21 smartphone and tablet cameras shows that downsizing of photos by a factor of 4 or higher suppresses PRNU pattern significantly. On the contrary, it is observed that source of unstabilized videos can be verified quite reliably at almost all resolutions. We combined our observations in a camera ID verification procedure considering downsized media.
AB - The photo-response non-uniformity (PRNU) of an imaging sensor can be regarded as a biometric identifier unique to each camera. This modality is referred to as camera ID. The underlying process for estimating and matching camera IDs is now well established, and its robustness has been studied under a variety of processing. However, the effect of in-camera downsizing on camera ID verification has not yet been methodologically addressed. In this work, we investigate limitations imposed by built-in camera downsizing methods and tackle the question of how to obtain a camera ID so that attribution is possible with lower resolution media. For this purpose, we developed an application that gathers photos and videos at all supported resolutions by controlling camera settings. Analysis of media obtained from 21 smartphone and tablet cameras shows that downsizing of photos by a factor of 4 or higher suppresses PRNU pattern significantly. On the contrary, it is observed that source of unstabilized videos can be verified quite reliably at almost all resolutions. We combined our observations in a camera ID verification procedure considering downsized media.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85078866715&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2019.5.MWSF-545
DO - 10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2019.5.MWSF-545
M3 - Conference article
AN - SCOPUS:85078866715
SN - 2470-1173
VL - 2019
JO - IS and T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
JF - IS and T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
IS - 5
M1 - 545
T2 - 2019 Media Watermarking, Security, and Forensics Conference, MWSF 2019
Y2 - 13 January 2019 through 17 January 2019
ER -