Technologies and Solutions for Location-Based Services in Smart Cities: Past, Present, and Future

Muhammad Usman*, Muhammad Rizwan Asghar, Imran Shafique Ansari, Fabrizio Granelli, Khalid A. Qaraqe

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

39 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Location-based services (LBS) in smart cities have drastically altered the way cities operate, giving a new dimension to the life of citizens. LBS rely on location of a device, where proximity estimation remains at its core. The applications of LBS range from social networking and marketing to vehicle-to-everything communications. In many of these applications, there is an increasing need and trend to learn the physical distance between nearby devices. This paper elaborates upon the current needs of proximity estimation in LBS and compares them against the available Localization and Proximity (LP) finding technologies (LP technologies in short). These technologies are compared for their accuracies and performance based on various different parameters, including latency, energy consumption, security, complexity, and throughput. Hereafter, a classification of these technologies, based on various different smart city applications, is presented. Finally, we discuss some emerging LP technologies that enable proximity estimation in LBS and present some future research areas.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)22240-22248
Number of pages9
JournalIEEE Access
Volume6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 24 Apr 2018
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Smart cities
  • localization
  • location-based services
  • proximity

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