Tuning the Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Selective Li- and Na-Ion Storage in Hard Carbon

Fernando A. Soto, Pengfei Yan, Mark H. Engelhard, Asma Marzouk, Chongmin Wang, Guiliang Xu, Zonghai Chen, Khalil Amine, Jun Liu, Vincent L. Sprenkle, Fedwa El-Mellouhi, Perla B. Balbuena*, Xiaolin Li

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

185 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) films with controllable properties are highly desirable for improving battery performance. In this paper, a combined experimental and theoretical approach is used to study SEI films formed on hard carbon in Li- and Na-ion batteries. It is shown that a stable SEI layer can be designed by precycling an electrode in a desired Li- or Na-based electrolyte, and that ionic transport can be kinetically controlled. Selective Li- and Na-based SEI membranes are produced using Li- or Na-based electrolytes, respectively. The Na-based SEI allows easy transport of Li ions, while the Li-based SEI shuts off Na-ion transport. Na-ion storage can be manipulated by tuning the SEI layer with film-forming electrolyte additives, or by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface. The Na specific capacity can be controlled to < 25 mAh g−1; ≈ 1/10 of the normal capacity (250 mAh g−1). Unusual selective/preferential transport of Li ions is demonstrated by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface and corroborated with a mixed electrolyte. This work may provide new guidance for preparing good ion-selective conductors using electrochemical approaches.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1606860
JournalAdvanced Materials
Volume29
Issue number18
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 10 May 2017

Keywords

  • Li-ion batteries
  • Na-ion batteries
  • selective ion transfer
  • solid-electrolyte interphase

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