Warm Hydroforming

Warm hydroforming is an innovative forming technology and defined as forming of the heated tube or sheet materials by fluid pressure into the complex shapes in one step. It is a hybrid approach that integrates the advantages of both hydroforming and warm forming and offers even further benefits and opportunities. There are two main sheet hydroforming types. One of them is sheet hydroforming with die and the other one is sheet hydroforming with punch or hydromechanical deep drawing. The warm hydroforming parameters that affect the part quality and formability can be grouped under four main categories. These are material, die and tool, tribological and process and loading variables. In order to develop appropriate warm hydroforming strategies, the behavior of the materials to be formed at high temperatures should be determined. Therefore, the behaviors ofthe materials at high temperatures are determined by tensile and bulge tests.